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Unit 3 Leisure Activities Self-assessment

Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language， he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow， almost imperceptible (几乎觉察不到的) change， at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism; it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. At one extreme， it has been the property of the common， ignorant folk， who have used it in the daily business of their living， much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme， it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization， and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence， order， dignity， and if possible， a little beauty. As we consider our changing language， we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words， you should understand， are words such as prepositions， conjunctions， and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections， however， have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order， there may be trouble for the users of the language， as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes， our attitudes toward language forms change also. The eighteenth century， for example， produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew， until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.问题21 Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage?

A:The history of the English language.
B:Our changing attitude towards the English language.
C:Our changing language.
D:Some characteristics of modern English.
答案: Our changing language.

Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.

A:Changes in the forms of words.
B:Changes in sentence structures.
C:Changes in spelling rules.
D:Words that have similar meanings.
答案: Changes in the forms of words.

Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?

A:It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.
B:Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.
C:The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change.
D:Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.
答案: It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.

The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) _____.

A:historian
B:philosopher 　
C:anthropologist
D:linguist
答案: linguist

In contrast to the earlier linguists， modern linguists tend to ___.

A:attempt to continue the standardization of the language
B:evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns
C:be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or history
D:be more aware of the rules of the language usage
答案: evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns

Part II Vocabulary (25 minutes) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalI’ve spent one whole week __ through Hemingway’s works， trying to understand his unique style of writing.
答案: browsing

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalThe Chinese government passed an e-commerce law aimed at improving regulation over the __ market.
答案: flourishing

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalVirtual reality， VR， completely __ people into digital worlds， and usually requires wearing a headset.
答案: immerses

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalHe was disappointed by his failure to __ the top job with the bank.
答案: secure

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalDisease was an __ consequence of poor living conditions.
答案: inevitable

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalVolunteers were recruited to __ the acute labor shortage.
答案: relieve

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalThe kidney plays a __ role in the removal of waste products from the blood.
答案: vital

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalGroup work helps children learn to share things and __ to each other.
答案: relate

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalAir France has __ a high level of service for many years.
答案: maintained

flourishing handle maintain relieve secureinevitable browse immerse relate vitalIt’s her first year as a doctor， but she is __ the pressures of the job very well.
答案: handling

Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号！字母一定要大写！As a freshman， there’s really something you might be eager to find on campus， i.e. the chance to throw yourself into the world of University Societies， and discover the huge range of activities at Oxford.Your first move should be to 11__ the large array of clubs at the OUSU Freshers’ Fair， from which you will get a brand-new edition of the comprehensive 12_ to all things at Oxford. If you miss the fair， you can still see what societies are offered in The Oxford Directory， a 13__ issued to you in Freshers’ Week. The degree to which people get involved in societies 14_. Some totally 15__ themselves in a club， rising to become a leader of the organization; others take a more 16__ approach， being members of several societies and taking part in whichever interesting; while many people， perhaps foolishly， completely ignore university societies and just 17_ with mates in college. Societies offer a great chance to 18_ people from outside college. If you have ambitions to 19___ a new society， you can register it， with start-up 20_ and loans， among other benefits. A. handbook B. funds C. eclectic D. seek out E. guide F. check out G. grants H. hang out I. merits J. release K open upL. immerseM. reluctantN. variesO. meet问题11 填空题（2分）____.
答案: F

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答案: E

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答案: A

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答案: N

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答案: L

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答案: C

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Unit 4 Living on Your Own Self-assessment

Section BDirections: In this part there is a passage followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do – especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley， a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves.” he says.Resume (简历) arrives with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. “Once I see a mistake， I eliminate the candidate，” Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take care of these details， why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees”， says Charles Garfield， associate professor at the University of California， San Francisco， “we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t， we should drop them and move to something else”.Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time.” Says Garfield， “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates (坐标) of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again， we see that by doing little things within our grasp well， large rewards follow. 21单选(2分) According to the passage， some job applicants were rejected _____.

A:because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
B:because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C:because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applications
D:because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves
答案: because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume 

The word “perfectionists” (Line 1， Para. 3， ) refers to those who _____.

A:demand others to get everything absolutely right
B:know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C:pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
D:are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
答案: pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives 

Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?

A:Although too much attention to details may be costly， they should not be overlooked.
B: Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.
C:Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
D: Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
答案: Although too much attention to details may be costly， they should not be overlooked. 

The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _____.

A:minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B:failure is the mother of success
C:adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D:keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
答案: keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked 

The best title for this passage would be _____.

A:Don’t Be a Perfectionist
B:Importance of Adjustments
C:Details and Major Objectives
D:Hard Work Plus Good Luck
答案: Details and Major Objectives 

Part I Vocabulary (25 minutes) Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake We are of course____ how an error like this could have occurred.
答案: investigating

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake Going by train is more __ than going by plane.
答案: economical

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake It’s too early to predict the ____of the meeting.
答案: outcome

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake I wish to make some __ about the train service to Shanghai.
答案: inquiries

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake None of us has questioned my father’s __.
答案: authority

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake Students are required to ____ simple experiments .
答案: undertake

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake I’ve been __ the job of teaching English to the children.
答案: assigned

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake He should give way to a younger， more ____ leader.
答案: decisive

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake It is strongly ____ that the machines be checked every year.
答案: recommended

inquiry economical assign authority recommenddecisive outcome scare investigate undertake The thought of the exams next week __ me a lot.
答案: scares

Part II Reading Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this part there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.注意：请在答题处填入相应的字母编号！字母一定要大写！It was easy to 11 to life in London. And there is so much to see that after six months 12 I probably covered only half of what I 13. Working in London has many 14. For one， I truly get to learn the culture by being 15 in its workforce. Most of my coworkers were British so I feel like I really got to know and learn the British culture through such a huge 16 of a British person’s daily life. Secondly， it is an 17 way to live and travel in another country since most jobs pay enough to 18 rent， living expenses and some travel expenses. And thirdly， I have the chance to gain 19 work experience and internationalize my resume. Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far. I would not 20 for a second to recommend it to anyone! A. creativeF. immersedK. aspectB. recommendedG. intendedL. prospectC. exploringH. adjustM. advantagesD. accommodationsI. valuableN. assigningE. coverJ. economicalO. hesitate 11. 填空(2分) _
答案: H

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